Elfriede Miller-Hauenfels was born the younger sister of the future painter Erich Miller-Hauenfels. From 1913, she was trained at the Kunstschule für Frauen und Mädchen (Art School For Women and Girls with Adalbert Franz Seligmann, Ludwig Michale, and Christian Ludwig Martin. As early as in the 1920s, she participated in a variety of exhibitions in Vienna; for example in the Künstlerhaus, in the Secession or in the Association of Viennese Art in the Museum of Art and Industry. In 1930, the frescoes were painted in the parish church Itzling in Salzburg. Miller-Hauenfels, especially as a painter, gained great prominence with her expressive woodcuts and religious motifs, landscapes and illustrations.