Deutsch
Ernst Neuschul, later Ernest Neuschul and from 1946, Ernest Norland was a German-Czech painter. In the Weimar Republic, Neuschul was one of the most important representatives of New Objectivity. Against his father's will, Neuschul wanted to study at the Art Academy in Prague, but then worked in Prague as a house painter and attended the courses at the Academy as an external student. He went to Vienna, where he attended the k.k. Graphische Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt. He escaped the threat of conscription by moving to Kraków in 1916, where he continued his studies at the art academy. He took lessons from the Art Nouveau artist Józef Mehoffer. In 1918, Neuschul went to Prague, where he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts with Franz Thiele. In August 1918, he met the Dutch-Javanese dancer Takka-Takka, real name Lucie Lindemann (1890-1980), who became his wife in 1922 and then his most important model. In 1919, Neuschul had his first solo exhibition of 39 works at Weinert's Salon, Prague. He shared an apartment with Takka-Takka in Berlin-Charlottenburg. Inspired by her, Neuschul dealt with East Indian dance and wrote screenplays for experimental films with Asian myths. Neuschul designed dance costumes for his wife (Kursaal Luzern). 1922 in Rome, first solo exhibition. From August 1922, Takka-Takka and Ernest Neuschul went on tour through Europe, the USA and Canada as a Javanese dancer couple under the name "Yoga-Taro" (connoisseurs of yoga). He used the trips of the tour for drawing, painting, photography and exhibitions. Between the dance engagements, he and Takka-Takka lived in Paris, Berlin or Aussig, where exhibitions of his works also took place. An anti-Semitic article against his work appeared at the first exhibition in his hometown. In January 1926, the couple's last appearance took place in the Winter Garden in Berlin. Neuschul became a member of the Novembergruppe (November group) in Berlin. Here he made the acquaintance of the painters Ludwig Meidner and Arthur Segal. 1927 brought the big breakthrough. He successfully participated in eight exhibitions, six in Berlin. His work is honoured in 48 surviving press articles. In the same year, he received a contract with the Berlin gallery Neumann-Nierendorf. In 1929, he became a member of the Reich Association of Visual Artists in Germany. In 1931, Neuschul took over the chair for drawing and painting at the Charlottenburg Municipal Art School. The self-portrait “The Agitator” from 1932 shows Neuschul as an anti-fascist fighter. In 1933, Neuschul became the last chairman of the Novembergruppe before it was banned. At his last exhibition in February 1933, in the "Haus der Künstler" (House of Artists) in Berlin, the works on display were confiscated. Flight to Czechoslovakia. Takka-Takka and his later second wife Christl Bell saved his works in his Berlin studio and brought them to Ústí. In 1934, Neuschul married Christl Bell, a painter and until 1933 a restorer of paintings at the Kaiser Friedrich Museum in Berlin (now Bode Museum). In 1935, Neuschul received an invitation to Moscow from the Moscow Artists' Association. In September, Ernest Neuschul and Christl travelled to Moscow with 40 works. Good contacts developed with Russian and other Moscow-based artists through the Club of Foreign Workers. The Pravda reported very positively on his solo exhibition at the Museum of New Western Art in Moscow. He portrayed Josef Stalin and Georgi Dimitrov. In 1936, Neuschul became a member of the Moscow Union of Artists and the Union of Soviet Artists. He turned down a chair at the Academy of Fine Arts in Kharkov. Shortly before the start of the second Stalinist purges, Andrei Bubnov, the People's Commissar for National Education and victim of the Stalin trials, advised Neuschul to leave Moscow. In 1937, Neuschul's last exhibition took place in his hometown: two of his works were cut up and swastikas smeared on them. In November, Neuschul left Ústí for good and moved to Prague with his family. Neuschul became a member of the Oskar-Kokoschka-Klub and gave lectures on degenerate art. He portrayed President Edvard Beneš three times. Neuschul was on the Nazi black list; from the Czech side, as a German, he was threatened with extradition to the “Third Reich”. Neuschul was able to prepare for emigration to England through Wenzel Jaksch, a member of the German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic (DSAP) and his connection to the British Labor Party. His mother, who did not want to leave Prague because of his sick brother, was later murdered in Auschwitz with the family members who remained in Prague. The family initially lived in Mumbles in Wales. Neuschul became a member of the Free German Cultural Association in England, the Free German Artists Association. 1964 Moved to London. Stylistically, Neuschul made a change from Expressionism to New Objectivity. At first, women were his preferred subject, but gradually socially critical subjects found their way into his range of motifs. In Moscow, however, Neuschul was given to understand that he should not paint the workers in their current precarious situation, but rather idealizing them, in the style of socialist realism. He refused. After the war he continued to abstract his style, but like other emigrants who had left Germany forever, such as B. George Grosz, he could no longer continue his old success.
To:


From:


Message: